Whats new

What’s new Happy New Year, everyone! As much as I loved the MIT gym, I don’t want my last entry on the MIT Admissions website to be about the Z Center. So I am following Mollie’s lead and posting an update on my life after MIT, or should I say my hiatus from MIT (I will be returning to the joint Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology program to get an MD-PhD.) For those of you who are new to the blogs, I graduated in June 2008 with a degree in Mechanical Engineering with Biomedical Engineering (Course 2A). After spending a summer traveling with friends and working at the NIH, I packed up my bags and skipped across the pond to Oxford University in England. I am reading for a Masters degree in Integrated Immunology and enjoying my time at a university that is very, very different from our beloved Institute. These differences are too numerous to cover in this blog entry, but I’ll try to touch on some of the surprising/quirky ones. 1) Accommodations What does “new” mean to you? The MIT dorm called New House opened in 1975. This makes it older than me but younger than my parents, so Id consider the designation as “new” to be warranted. Now consider New College in Oxford, which is 620 years old and gets its name from the fact that it came after Oriel College (founded in 1324.) It’s all relative! At MIT, I lived in Next House for my first two years and Baker House for my last two. I was utterly spoiled with gorgeous river views in both dorms. At Oxford I live in Oriel College and the front quad (pictured below) was built in the 1620s, back when Cambridge, MA was just called “Newe Towne.” Maybe people should stop naming things “New 2) Classes I’m really enjoying my immunology program. For a taste of the subject, check out the book “How the Immune System Works” by Lauren Sompayrac; it’s very clear and simple. The intricacies of the immune system will astound you, I guarantee it. For example, the body has evolved a beautiful system to “deliver” white blood cells to the right part of the body at the right time. It works just like the postal system, where an address ensures the delivery of a letter to the right mailbox. White blood cells carry a unique pattern of receptors and proteins on their surface that enables them to exit the bloodstream and enter infected tissues. This cellular delivery system is at work all day, every day to keep you healthy! My program has at least three hours of lecture every day and the lectures are taught by experts in the field who come from all over the United Kingdom. There are 18 of us in the program and we’re together all day, every day! This is very different from the typical undergraduate schedule at MIT, where I had at least four different classes, usually in completely different fields. Also as an undergrad I had a UROP every semester, so I constantly juggled classes with lab work. Unfortunately I’m in a taught Masters program now where we’re not supposed to do research until the third term (April-July). I miss the lab and all the excitement that comes with it. 3) Formality and traditions At MIT, you’re likely to see people taking exams in pajamas after rolling out of bed, or possibly after spending all night in the library. Oxford makes you adhere to a dress code for exams, matriculation, and formal hall (which is just a formal 3-course dinner served in your colleges dining hall. Not all colleges have them, but mine offers one every night for three pounds, or about $6!) What is the uniform? For women: a white dress shirt, black skirt or pants, black ribbon thats tied around your neck, black gown (for graduate students the gown does not have sleeves and it has these funny tassels), black shoes, and black tights (a girl was almost not allowed to matriculate because she wore nude tights.) For men, “sub fusc” attire consists of a tuxedo and white bowtie. Here’s a picture from our Matriculation, which is a ceremony after the first week of classes where you officially become a member of Oxford. The MIT equivalent occurs during Freshman Convocation, when President H ockfield gives a speech welcoming you to MIT. 4) Social life Parties at Oxford are called “bops” and often have a theme, like “Back to School”, “When I Grow Up” or even “Fratparty.” People take the themes pretty seriously and dress accordingly. Each college also has common rooms for undergraduates and graduates, where people regularly hang out and relax. A big difference between the US and the UK is the drinking age, so much of the social life revolves around the many pubs of Oxford. The pubs in Oxford each proudly display portraits and plaques commemorating the famous people that have had a pint there. The Eagle and Child was the meeting place of J.R.R. Tolkien and C.S. Lewis’s writers’ group called the Inklings, and the Turf Tavern was a favorite hangout spot of Bill Clinton and Australian Prime Minister Bob Hawke. 5) Location, location, location Oxford is in the middle of England, which makes it really easy to take weekend trips to London, other cities in the UK, and even Paris and Brussels, which are both less than three hours away from London by train. My course is intense so I haven’t had too much time to venture out of Oxford, but the few occasions where I have traveled were great. In November I went to Cardiff, the capital of Wales, on the same day that the highly anticipated Wales vs. Australia rugby game was being played in the Cardiff stadium. The streets were filled with fans sporting red rugby shirts and painted faces. We watched part of the game and skipped the second half to visit the Cardiff Castle, which was closed earlier in the day due to a bomb threat! That’s basically my life on the other side of the Atlantic. Many aspects are the same as MIT (going to class, attending seminars by prominent scientists, enjoying the company of friends), but the differences help me to appreciate my experiences at both places even more. I have come to appreciate the fact that MIT is a place of innumerable opportunities. Looking back, I am so thankful for all of the activities that I was involved with, the variety and quality of classes that were available, the labs that welcomed UROPs with open arms, the friends that worked hard and played hard by my side, and the professors who pushed us to our limits. It’s surely not easy to drink from the fire hose, especially right before Thanksgiving and Spring Break when deadlines pile up, sleep takes a backseat, and you spend your entire TechCash balance on coffee and candy at the convenience store in the Student Center. Yes, it’s necessary to make sacrifices (people like to say that you have three optio ns: study, sleep, and socialize…pick two) but ultimately MIT will help you to achieve more than you imagined yourself capable of. For all of you fretting about submitting your applications, good luck!

Essay about The Pros and Cons of Government Welfare...

For a long time now, since the accomplished formation of a stable government, the U.S government has had programs and passed laws that either dealt with issues of or influence family. Many of these â€Å"family† programs and laws currently in place today are frequently and commonly debated. One of the most debated and most labored over â€Å"family† programs or law is Welfare. The argument is whether or not to, and how welfare should be cut or minimized. The debate is simple enough, but the argument on welfares benefits and drawbacks is not. On the pro side of the argument, on which I stand, welfare aids poor families as well as the economy and may help to reduce crime. Welfares benefits far out weigh its drawbacks. Welfare†¦show more content†¦The purpose of welfare is to aid a person with monetary need in getting by until they can find a job to support themselves, but this seldom occurs. Some argue that there are plenty of poor families that get along without welfare and its benefits. These people argue that the heads of these families have multiple jobs and work extremely hard to get by, while others just sit and collect a welfare check from the government. I feel that this is unfair to the hard workers, and unfair to us tax payers. Others say that these people are in their present situation because of their own ill choices in life and that the government owes them nothing. It is also true that there exist a great number of people that abuse the welfare program. These individuals may enroll in welfare without the intention of ever getting a job. Others trade foodstamps for cash or drugs. These ideas, or facts, can be used as a valid argument for the dismantling, or at least minimizing, of the welfare program. Currently steps are being taken by the government to reduce the number of welfare recipients as well as to minimize spending on the program itself. The president recently introduced his â€Å"Workfare† plan. This plan, by forcing individuals to both work and search for work and by ultimately truncating their welfare benefits, should reduce both the number of peopleShow MoreRelatedWelfare Drug Testing Essay1383 Words   |  6 PagesWelfare Drug Testing Trevor Brooks, SOC 110 11/09/2011 In today’s America, government aid is highly depended on. The US government has spent $498 billion dollars this year on welfare alone. The state of Tennessee has an average of 250,000 residents on welfare and has $3 billion dollars this year alone. To help cut costs and help tax payers, 36 states, including Tennessee, have proposed a bill to drug test all welfare recipients. Since the beginning of the year, the welfare rateRead MoreEssay on Immigration Pros and Cons2655 Words   |  11 PagesImmigration Pros and Cons It is historically acknowledged that the authentic Native-Americans are the Indians and there is documented theory that their origination possibly evolved from Asia. From the first settlers, throughout the establishment of the 13 colonies and the growth of the United States, state-by-state, America has truly become the â€Å"Melting Pot†, a nation of immigrants. The United States Census in 2007 allocates that more than 38 million of the nation’s residents were foreign-born;Read MoreThe Importance Of Studying The Relationships And Subject Formations1688 Words   |  7 PagesIntersectionality is the methodology of studying the relationships and subject formations. For this paper I will be describing myself how society sees me, and also explain the pro’s, con’s, and loopholes to all of the categories I belong to. I am an African American, bisexual female studying at a historically black college. In my household, according to society I would be labeled as the middle class. I have no preferences other than Christianity for my religion. Growing up I always lived in predominantlyRead MoreIllegal Immigration And Illegal Immigrants3175 Words   |  13 Pagespublic spending. Illegal immigrants with big families and lowed incomes impact public spending the most because of their need for aid from the state and local governments (Hanson, 2007). Even though the federal government offers resources to state and local governments those funds do not fully cover the costs acquired by these governments. Education is the largest cost imposed on state and local budgets. In 1982 the Supreme Court ruled that states could not exclude children from public educationRead MoreArgument for a National Health Care System Essay4364 Words   |  18 PagesAmericans (and their dependents) receive health insurance through their employment. A large proportion of citizens who are not covered through their employment are only partially covered by charity care, municipal health care facilities, or government#64979;sponsored programs such as Medicaid and Medicare. Both of these assumptions break down in the case of the uninsured or the working poor, approximately 45 million Americans or 15.6 % of the population that tends to be clustered in jobs that are low payingRead MoreAmerica Needs Mass-immigration2668 Words   |  11 Pageshuge economic boon would follow and possibly even result in our country being where it was in it’s heyday. I suggest the best method to deal with our immigration issue considers immigration’s historical effects on our and other countries, the â€Å"pro’s and con’s† to both side’s arguments, the need of immigrants, the benefits of immigration, and their effect upon the future of our country. The two â€Å"sides† mentioned above are the so-called â€Å"restrictionists† and â€Å"counter-restrictionists†. The restrictionistRead MoreStudy Guide5838 Words   |  24 Pagesnobility gained the most benefits from the Magna Carta, which established limitations on the power of the king. Which of the following was guaranteed in the English Bill of Rights? Freedom from taxation without representation. Whose ideas about government greatly influenced the men who drafted the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution? John Locke The writings of John Locke, a British philosopher of the Enlightenment period, had a profound influence on the Founding Fathers. What was

Dr. Bird s Advice For Sad Poets - 2230 Words

Often in a novel the author uses their writings to talk about serious subjects and form a theme that has an important meaning and message behind it. In the coming of age novels Dr. Bird’s Advice for Sad Poets by Evan Roskos and, The Perks of Being a Wallflower by Stephen Chbosky, the theme that you should celebrate everything you are because what you’re feeling is valid and shall pass is common throughout both books. In Dr. Bird’s Advice for Sad Poets the main character, James Whitman is a junior in highschool who wakes up yawping and quoting Walt Whitman. From the outside he looks like an enigma. He lives in a small town with his abusive dad who kicked his sister, Jorie, out and, his submissive mother. James is struggling with severe depression and anxiety. To help cope with what he’s feeling, James’ has an imaginary, human size, bird, therapist. Because she’s living inside James’ head she is only able to tell James things he already knows but just doesn t really want to admit. He talks to his therapist, â€Å"Dr. Bird†, while he works at a pizza parlor to save up enough money to go to a real therapist, since he knows his parents won’t get him one. Another way James deals with his feeling is by hugging trees and writing poetry. He begins to help write his school s literary magazine and starts to fall in love with head writer, Beth. To make thi ngs worse, James continues to blame himself for his sister’s misfortune. James’ sister, Jordie, was a senior in highschool when sheShow MoreRelatedFrancis Bacon15624 Words   |  63 Pagespreached high moral principles and on the other hand, he also expressed a mean capacity by compromising upon those morals for the sake of worldly success. For this reaon, William Blake, a spiritual poet says about his essays:   â€Å"Good advice for Satan’s Kingdom.† Blake considers any utilitarian advice contrary to God’s ways, but Bacon does not bother for that. He considers this world more important and striving after the success in this world is equally important. Bacon discusses man as he â€Å"appears†Read MoreLangston Hughes Research Paper25309 Words   |  102 PagesHis favorite poet was Paul Laurence Dunbar, who wrote formal poetry, but became famous for poems written in black dialect. Langston also read the Bible. His favorite novels were Harriet Beecher Stowes Uncle Toms Cabin, Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Zane Greys, Riders of the Purple Sage, Harold Bell Wrights The Shepherd of the Hills, Edna Ferbers Cimarron, Gene Stratton Porters Freckles, and Florence L. Barclays The Mistress of Shenstone. Langston admired poet Paul LaurenceRead MoreStatement of Purpose23848 Words   |  96 Pagesrelevant experiences. As indicated above, you may include a personal anecdote, typically in the opening paragraph, but refrain from developing an autobiographical narrative, which does not reveal to readers what they need to know about you. Follow the advice of the quote that follows: ―Applicants can benefit from letting us see something of themselves as people. Personal stories can sometimes be effective, particularly stories of hardships overcome or of an emerging sense of purpose. Stories of that sortRead MoreBhopal Gas Disaster84210 Words   |  337 PagesExecutive Summary On December 3, 1984, toxic poisonous methyl isocyanate gas leaked from Union Carbide India Limited (UCIL s) pesticide plant in Bhopal. The gas leak triggered a disaster that is now widely recognized as the world worst industrial catastrophe. Thousands of people were killed instantly and more than 25,000 people have died of gas-related illnesses, several thousands more maimed for life since. Union Carbide negotiated a settlement with the Indian Government in 1989 for $470 millionRead MoreLgbt19540 Words   |  79 PagesAlthough identical in meaning, LGBT may have a more feminist connotation than GLBT as it places the L (for lesbian) first.[24] When not inclusive of transgender people it is sometimes shortened to LGB.[24][27] LGBT may also include additional Qs for queer or questioning (sometimes abbreviated with a question mark and sometimes used to mean anybody not literally L, G, B or T) producing the variants LGBTQ and LGBTQQ.[28][29][30] Other variants may add a U for unsure; a C for curious;

Mobile Ip Free Essays

Checkpoint – Current State of Mobile IP Lori J. Babler IT241 September 29, 2011 Richard Pierce Checkpoint – Current State of Mobile IP After completing some internet research on Mobile IP, I discovered that it is currently being used in situations where a Mobile Network is required. A Mobile Network is a completely wireless network in which its devices are continuously moving and never really in one particular place. We will write a custom essay sample on Mobile Ip or any similar topic only for you Order Now A completely Mobile Network requires that the devices within it have two simultaneous IP Addresses one of which is used for local networking off of the local router and another which is used when roaming into other networks. The obvious advantage to this technology is that mobile devices can have continuous connection with the internet or a mobile network without any interruption of service. The disadvantage that I felt was important is that the foreign IP address hosts must be configured as such (GANGULY, 2009). I feel that what is holding Mobile IP back is the fact that this technology is not seen by the user it isn’t knowledge to the user. Only the network administrators or engineers are aware of the configuration required to implement this technology. I also feel that because the foreign IP Hosts require configuration to become Mobile IP that there is a lapse in its popularity. Another strong reason is that the technology is still being perfected (GANGULY, 2009) and once that occurs I feel it will boom. I do think that this technology will become a standard for mobile computing eventually but just as with all technology, society needs to catch up with it first. Reference GANGULY, K. (2009). The Study of Mobile IP Retrieved from www. cs. wichita. edu/~chang/lecture/cs843/project/†¦ /kg-mobile_ip. do†¦ How to cite Mobile Ip, Papers

Torque physics lab report Essay Example

Torque physics lab report Paper The purpose of this experiment was to help understand torque by not only measuring it but also by manipulating and adjusting the weights experimentally. Procedure In order to perform all the procedures a few instruments were required a meter stick, a triple beam balance, suspension clamps and their stirrups, a knife edge, as well as weights of 50 and 100 grams and a spring scale. The meter stick was weighed (without the clamp), and its center of gravity was found (its not usually exactly at 50cm), the 6 clamps were weighed as well. For the first part the meter stick was put on 35cm and a 100g weight was adjusted until the center of balance was found, the position was recorded, this was than done with 150g and 50g. Once the values were recorded the weight of the bar was calculated and the average was found. For the next part of the experiment three weights were attached anywhere on the bar, the center one was adjusted till there was equilibrium and than the force was measured with a spring scale. The numbers were recorded and the weights of down and upward forces were measured as well as the clockwise and counter clockwise torques. For the last part of the experiment six clamps were arranged on the bar( with weights on them ) so that one was at 10cm and one at 90cm and the rest were spread in between , one end was supported by the knife edge and the other by the spring scale. The forced shown by the scale was recorded, the ends were than switched and the force was once again recorded. We will write a custom essay sample on Torque physics lab report specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Torque physics lab report specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Torque physics lab report specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Calculations were than done to verify the sum of the torque was that of the reading on the spring scale as well as that the total sum of the weights was compared via calculation to the upward force shown. Data/Analysis Part I: Prep Part II: Calculating the weight of the meter bar by balancing torque (mb): (mc= mass of clamp, g = acceleration due to gravity) Table 1: Determination of Meter Weight by Balancing to Torque (Experimental) m= mass of weights (g) x= Clamp Position from knife edge (cm) mb= Weight of Meter Bar from Balancing Torque (g) Position on meter stick (cm) r= position from axis of rotation (m) (N*m)96 Questions: The motion of the rigid system will move up in the counter clockwise direction if the condition for equilibrium is not satisfied in which the spring has greater force. The opposite will happen if the meter bar and weights have a greater force than the spring. The same goes for the Torque. If the second condition for equilibrium is not satisfied and there is greater torque of the spring, the system will move in the counter clockwise motion and will move clockwise if the Torque is greater for the meter bar. The motion of the rigid system will move in the same fashion as described above if neither of the conditions for equilibrium are satisfied. If there are equal numbers of suspension clamps on each side of the support with the same weight, their weights can be omitted from the calculations because the weights can be factored out and be eliminated from the way the force and torque equations are set-up. Regardless, they should total to zero. When the center of gravity of the meter bar was determined in Part I, the bar was supported at a point coinciding with the center of gravity. If the clamp were to have been inverted, where the bar is supported at a point above the center of gravity, you wouldnt een be able to balance the meter bar because it is not in the center of gravity it would just be slack and hang down. Therefore you wouldnt even find the accurate position where it is level. This would have skewed the results, making inaccurate readings and calculations. In part IV, if the meter bar were to be held at an incline of 30 degrees angle above the horizontal by the spring balance, the spring balance reading would remain the same because the force of the spring is just m*g, which remains the same even if you change the angle. The mass and acceleration due to gravity remains constant. However, Torque changes (t=r(F*sin(? )) since angle comes into account. Figure: Conclusion In the study of this lab, torque was observed by measuring, manipulating, and adjusting the weights on the meter bar. The weight of the meter bar was found by experimentally calculating the torque. Comparing the actual weight of the meter bar and the experimental values, the percent error was only 5. 96%-14. %. This percent error is low enough to be negligible and to confirm the equation used for Part II. In Part III and IV, the forces acting on the meter stick are in the vertical direction. Since the meter stick was level, the angle was 180 degrees meaning the force acted on the axis on either side of the center of balance. The experiment should have observed that the net force and net torque acting on the meter stick is equaled to zero. However, experimental results show that the net force is not zero. The net torque is not zero as well. However, the net torque value approaches zero more than the experimental values do. Therefore, the torque equation may be confirmed in this experiment, but the force equation cannot because the values are too far from zero. This may be because the presence of error in this lab is high. Errors occurred in this lab are due to inaccurate measurements of position. It was difficult to keep the meter bar steady to find where the stick is level. Also, there may have been something wrong with the balance and springs because they are very old, rusted equipment and may not work as accurately as they did when they were new. Overall, we were able to understand the concept of torque, even if there were errors in our experiment.

Global economy during the late nineteenth and early twentieth century

Global economy during the late nineteenth and early twentieth century Globalization is the integration of regional economies through trade by reduction of international trade barriers in order to increase material wealth of the people and improve the economies of the nations through good global relations, competition and specialization. The objective of globalization is to enhance the interdependence, business operations and connectivity on an international level with respect to the socioeconomic, cultural, religion, biological, environmental and scientific aspects (Fiss, Hirsch, 2005, p. 46).Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Global economy during the late nineteenth and early twentieth century specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Globalization started in a primeval form especially after the first human settlement in various parts of the world. However, today global economy comprises not only economic aspects or global marketplace but also communication revolution, which is the drivin g force. For instance, the turning point was the late 1960s and early 1970s, when Nora Quebral set up the first effective communications satellite, which made possible direct communication from one part of the world to another. According to Clark (1998), ‘‘that changed more or less the whole of late 20th century history’’ (p. 488). In addition, Soviet Union declined because it could only compete in the old industrial economy but not in the new global electronic world. Communication transformation has enhanced interaction among the regions and has brought a paradigm shift of handling issues especially in the 20th century (Alexander, Korine, 2008, p. 76). Advancement in technology has made the current globalization be very much intense, steady and rapid. It has become international dynamic with all the continents either affected or engaged. Primarily, there was less trade in the global money markets compared to the current situation, where about trillion dol lars turned over daily. While globalization has its own merits and demerits, the paper tables the many benefits and costs of globalization as depicted in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century global economy. Specification of an Economic model In comprehending the benefits and costs of globalization, economic modeling gives a coherent and abstract pattern of isolating and arranging complex causes and effects within various interrelated elements in an economy. Although economists have used empirical, visual, mathematical models among others, simulation model provides a more clear relationship between globalization, poverty and inequality, and the factors for high Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (Stulz, 2009, p. 375). Since simulation modeling exemplifies the best elements of mathematical, empirical and other quantitative models, its manipulations do not require proficiency in mathematics. Therefore, in my view, computer simulation is most appropriate in determining nationâ€⠄¢s economic changes due to globalization as it allows a person to test for short-term and long-term effects, and to alter a whole range of variables at his or her convenience compared to other models, which suffer from lack of precision and reliability (Routledge, Francis, 2001, p. 120).Advertising Looking for term paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More What benefits did the globalization affect? Globalization has helped to shatter the regressive customs responsible for discriminating against people based on sex, race and/or religious beliefs. As such, it has influenced the lives of women in the world positively. ‘‘It is an antidote to the intolerant fundamentalism that oppresses millions of the world’s poorest-majority women’’ (Clark, 1998, p. 492). In the globalized world where competition is paramount, people value the roles of women. Traditionally, majorit y of the cultures never recognized the participation of women in development. However, globalization has rapidly improved the social and economic status of women in the developing world to an extent that those countries that exclude women from participating in the major development project fall ever behind (Kose, 2009, p. 7). In addition, a society, which embraces education for women, has the benefit of remarkable social advancement. As a result, any literate women have a tendency of giving birth to fewer children as well as contributing significantly towards improving her country’ economic outlooks (Fiss, Hirsch, 2005, p. 37). Financial independence of women enhances their stature in their communities. Comparably, women are economical in their spending than their spouses as they focus on important areas for social development such as, ‘‘the education, health, and nutrition of their families’’ (Jean, Ferry, 2009, p. 3). Globalization has resulted i nto integration of developed and developing nations. Rapid democratic system of information and technology and economics are the major driving force for globalization, which has turned out to be an extremely progressive and liberating strength (Routledge, Francis, 2001, p. 92). As such, globalization presents some hope for the poor nations that they would, one day, benefit from the fruits of Western liberal traditions (Kose, 2009, p. 2). Even though some ague that globalization has resulted into exploitation of the poor nations by the rich ones, in my view, that is total confusion between corruption and globalization. According to research conducted during 1990s on ‘‘national incomes around the world, the income of rich globalized nations increased by two percent each year’’ (Armstrong, 2000, p. 470). Strategically, practicing global trade allows poor countries to continue developing economically and socially by increasing national incomes to fund innovati on and development (Mouhammed, 2009, p. 50). In addition, a country that capitalizes on production at a lower opportunity cost than other countries receive the maximum benefits of the trade resulting into higher Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Comparably, ‘‘poor, more globalized nations had a higher increase in income per year than poor, less globalized nations’’ (Fiss, Hirsch, 2005, p. 42). Therefore, if all countries have a relative advantage, it means that all of them can gain from the trade.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Global economy during the late nineteenth and early twentieth century specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The introduction of advanced technology in the global market result to a steady boost in the demand for commodities as well as maximum utilization. As per statistics, people exchange ‘‘more than $1.5 trillion in the worlds currency markets daily while around one-fifth of products and services are generated per year are bought and sold’’ (Fiss, Hirsch, 2005, p. 33). As a result, child labor has dropped with an increase in a country’s income. Since trade enhances economic growth, globalization results in minimal child labor. For instance, from 1960, about thirty-two percent of the children in low-income countries participated in the labor force. However, forty years later, especially after the ‘‘massive expansion in international trade, child labor in the same countries had declined to nineteen percent’’ (Armstrong, 2000, p. 464). Globalization has also lifted the poor towards wealth-alleviated poverty especially in the developing nations. According to UNDP, the last fifty years, has shown a faster global poverty reduction than it had been in the past five hundred years. Notwithstanding, the average income in developing nations has been doubled in the last thirty years (Jean, Ferry, 2009, p. 7). Therefore, globalization enables the poor nations to benefit from the rich ones because when trade and capital movement link the countries, the poor ones seem to gain most. Moreover, wealth also dictates and/or improves the quality of the environmental quality and its resources. Globalization has also lowered the inflation of participating nations. Since 1970s, rising international competition has necessitated the industries to improvise progressively more. The expansion and vitality of capital markets has contributed significantly to the prosperity of most nations. Technological development has enabled the industries to improve their productivity in order to survive the global competition (Jean, Ferry, 2009, p. 10). Accordingly, the integration of technologies has developed new financial instruments leading to an upsurge in productivity in the financial sectors. Because financial globalization has substantially integrated global economy, it has given international in vestors several options of investments opportunities while borrowers access a much wider market for savings in order to reduce their cost of capital. For instance, in the past twenty years, ‘‘the stock of foreign direct investment resources has increased rapidly as a percentage of gross world product’’ (Alexander, Korine, 2008, p. 74).Advertising Looking for term paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Therefore, globalization has encouraged expansion of local capital markets and financial sectors through technological transfer and employment openings. In addition, market competition has also stopped the businesses from unnecessarily increasing prices for their commodities (Kose, 2009, p. 4). Due to integration of the global market, countries have minimized the effect of inflation. Globalization benefits the nations through multinational corporations and business outsourcings. Globalization minimizes the international trade barriers thereby, giving both the developed and the developing countries equal participation in the free trade in the free markets (Fiss, Hirsch, 2005, p. 44). Multinational tend to invest in the developing nation due the availability of cheap labor and in turn bring new ‘‘machinery, better technology, new management skills and production ideas, a larger market and education of workers’’ (Armstrong, 2000, p. 476), consequently, raises output, and wages. The income can eventually enable families to send their children to school and to provide some health care. For instance, during the last forty years, wages in third world nations rose from ten percent to thirty percent of the American industrial wage (Routledge, Francis, 2001, p. 117). As growth occurs due to globalization, child labor will definitely diminish over time. At what costs did the globalization occur? International Capital Mobility is one costs of globalization. Several participants in the globalized economies so and many economists suggest that globalization causes them to feel that their economy is in an unstable situation (Mouhammed, 2009, p. 44). The nation can suffer a loss in its share of the world’s capital at the hands of the global capital market. Furthermore, there is no global control to intervene for compensation (Fiss, Hirsch, 2005, p. 39). Several individuals believe that globalization is very unfair because it gears the worldà ¢â‚¬â„¢s capital towards the commercially advantaged economies. Moreover, many of the catch-up countries, for example, China have increased their national investment rate as much as their domestic savings rate (Jean, Ferry, 2009, p. 5). Therefore, the high investment levels in the emerging economies are not sucking capital out of the frontier economies. Globalization does force the workers- adults and children-in poor nations into hard labor as a necessary means for endurance. For instance, in some developing countries, sending children to work is a step towards family survival. Comparably, there are no enough schools and medical care in developing nations as in the wealthier countries (Fiss, Hirsch, 2005, p. 42). Traditionally, adequate education and proper health care was available for only better-off families who could afford them. Due to hard conditions of living in the developing countries, some of the female children find themselves into prostitution as a means of getting in come (Kose, 2009, p. 3). In addition, globalization has resulted into global warming, which has adversely affected the climatic conditions of the world. Consequently, farmers in the developing countries with inferior agricultural methods and tools are in constant fear of a failure of their crops, as that would result into starvation (Mouhammed, 2009, p. 48). Terrorism act in another cost of globalization. Terrorism activities have been a major problem to world’s stability. The proponents capitalize on free movement across borders and uses internet and mobile phones for recruit and communications among themselves. Nevertheless, they have access to dangerous weapons, which enhances their ability to cause destruction and loss of lives (Alexander, Korine, 2008, p. 73). The free movements do not only result into terrorism but also result to the spread of deadly diseases such as HIV/AIDS among others, increase human trafficking, undesirable foreign culture through televisions and the Internet as well as the spread of junk food, which adversely affects the lives and health of the developing nations. As Daly points out, †¦people are consuming more junk food from these joints, which have adverse impact on their health (1999, p. 36). A disadvantage of global marketing is inconsistency in consumer needs. If global market is not able to address the uniqueness of customers, then consumers are disadvantaged as they might get their preferences (Stulz, 2009, p. 373). For instance, a customer in one country may be different and/or react differently from those in another country in terms of their countries’ specific brand and product (Armstrong, 2000, p. 468). In addition, there are infrastructural differences and conflicting laws and policies that make global approach difficult to devise (Jean, Ferry, 2009, p. 13). Otherwise, infrastructure may be obstructing the process in one nation while accelerating the same process in another. In such case, internatio nal strategy becomes inconsistent and inadmissible. Another cost of globalization is inequality. Anti-globalists argue that globalization result into an unequal distribution of goods and capital in the world. Accordingly, few individuals enjoy the wealth from the natural resources while most people in the developing nations are yet to receive the perceived benefits of globalization. Therefore, ‘‘those who have capitalism grow rich as those who do not stay poor’’ (Daly, 1999, p. 35). Although, in the 18th century, poverty level was the same on both continents with Europe slightly wealthier than the rest, capitalism in Europe made gave them freedom to escape poverty. The developing nations have unequally distributed the benefits from economic growth making poverty remain stubbornly high (Mouhammed, 2009, p. 34). However, in the last ten years, inequality has increased in both the advanced and emerging economies. Globalization has resulted into loss of million jobs. For instance, it has created a different situation in America. The poll conducted for Wall Street Journal and NBC news indicates that, ‘‘ its impact has been so great on jobs and career in the financial sector, and securities, commodities and other investments’’ (Armstrong, 2000, p. 462). Globalization has also created economic liberalization where workers can emigrate and take jobs in industrial countries and/or work in outsourced industries in their home countries. More US’ nationals have lost jobs due to cheaper labor provided by these emigrants, some whom are political refugees (Clark, 1998, p. 496). The mobility of highly skilled professionals is so high that US opportunities attract the attention of professionals from almost all the nations in the word. How did that affect the global economy today? Globalization has integrated the world’s economies because mobile phones and the Internet have brought human beings closer by making t he world become a smaller place. Such products were once confined to only western countries (Daly, 1999, p. 34). However, with globalization, they are nowadays available across the globe. Today’s developments in traffic communication and transportation make people reach their destination in a somewhat short span of time. In addition, advancement in technology use in media coverage has improved human rights as it draws awareness of the world to human right and freedom abuses (Fiss, Hirsch, 2005, p. 51). Technologies such as computer and the internet have made it easier for work outsourcing to any part of the world that has an internet connection. The concept of outsourcing has influenced the economy of both the developing and developed nations. Developed countries have ‘‘outsourced manufacturing and white-collar jobs to developing countries like China and India’’, leaving less opportunities for nationals (Alexander, Korine, 2008, p. 72). For instanc e, most companies outsource manufacturing jobs and software development, editing, customer support, insurance, marketing, and accounting job to China and India respectively where the costs of production are cheaper. Therefore, companies that outsource the job reap the maximum benefit due to lower costs of production (Mouhammed, 2009, p. 32). As a result, outsourcing improves the economy of the developing nations because their workers learn how to use latest technologies while it hampers the economic growth of the developed nations. Globalization acts as a gain to the world economy. It has created free trading environment for the mutual benefit of the countries. As such, it has influenced the financial state and the industrial sector of the nations (Tomohara, Takii, 2011, p. 513). Globalization has given birth to global market, which in turn has widened the accessibility to a variety of both local and foreign commodities based on industrial productions (Fiss, Hirsch, 2005, p. 35). Through the formation of a common global market, competition has forced the firms to lower their prices thereby benefiting the consumers. Politically, globalization has helped in the ‘‘formation of a world government to normalize the existing interactions among countries by ensuring that rights emerge out of economic and social globalizations’’ (Clark, 1998, p. 482). Therefore, it has initiated somewhat amicable interactions among the nations. The Economic Impact on Developed Nations Globalization (EIDNG) forces companies and businesses to acclimatize to diverse strategies based on new principles, which tend to stabilize the rights and interests of the people and the community (Daly, 1999, p. 33). In addition, the fact that globalization allows businesses to compete internationally, means that there is a remarkable ‘‘change for business leaders, labor and management by legally accepting the input of workers and government in developing and imple menting company policies’’ (Armstrong, 2000, p. 472). The involvement of community and the government can help the company to reduce it risks through diversification. Notwithstanding, globalization provides initiatives for reducing macroeconomic instability on output and spending through risk diversification. Moreover, World Bank reports that globalized nations have reduced government outlays, taxes, and levels of corruption. However, globalization has negatively influenced some economies, which depend on agriculture as the backbone of their economic development. Climate changes caused by global warming and pollution adversely affect agricultural outputs (Tomohara, Takii, 2011, p. 520). Globalization has increased utilization of non-renewable resources, at the same time ‘‘contributing to the increase in pollution and global warming’’ that raises the global temperature (Stulz, 2009, p. 366). Conclusion The current state of the world economy is due to the factors of globalization. While some sectors and/or nations have absolutely benefited out of globalization, it has badly hit some countries (Mouhammed, 2009, p. 38). Globalization has benefited the global economy by bringing reformation at the international, national and sub-national levels, integrating financial markets hence hindering entrepreneur economic and social relations through ‘‘multilateralism and microeconomic phenomena’’ (Daly, 1999, p. 32). Globalization has also enhanced global trade, short and long-term investments, technological advancement, competition and diversification- leading to reduced prices, greater efficiency and greater economic growth. The negative impacts of globalization are attributed to lack of proper management of the globalization process. It was the main cause of the Great Recession in the US and many other nations. Many Americans considers the relative decline in US power as being due to its high trade imbala nce caused by globalization (Alexander, Korine, 2008, p. 71). Accordingly, globalization has opened the world boundaries- exposing people to harm of terrorism, human trafficking, drugs and pornography. In addition, it has marginalized the uneducated and low-skilled employees; caused high salary of capital and has destroyed national industry and jobs as claimed by reformists and revolutionists who argued that income inequality of the nations is due economic globalization (Clark, 1998, p. 490). There is, therefore, little doubt that globalization has both benefits and harms towards people and the world. However, responsible authorities can provide the best solution to reduce the harms of globalization. Reference List Alexander, M., Korine, H. (2008). When you should not Go Global. Harvard Business  Review, 86(12), 70-77. Armstrong, D. (2000). Globalization and the Social State. Review of International  Studies, 24(4), 461–478. Clark, I. (1998). Beyond the Great Divide: Gl obalization and the Theory of International Relations. Review of International Studies, 24(4), 479–498. Daly, H. (1999). Globalization versus Internationalization-Some Implications. Journal for Ecological Economics, 3(1), 31–37. Fiss, P., Hirsch, P. (2005). The Discourse of Globalization: Framing and Sense Making of an Emerging Concept. American Sociological Review, 70(1), 29–52. Jean, P., Ferry, S. (2009). Reshaping the Global Economy. A quarterly magazine of  The IMF, 46(1), 1-15. Kose, M. (2009). Frontiers of Research on Financial Globalization. IMF Staff Papers,  56(1), 1-7. Mouhammed, A. (2009). The costs and benefits of globalization in light of the recent Recession in the American economy. Journal of International Business Economics, 9(3), 32-45. Routledge, T., Francis, B. (2001). Globalization, the reformist Left and the Anti-Globalization Movement, Democracy and Nature. The International Journal of  Inclusive Democracy, 7(2), 86-121. Stulz, R. (2009). Securities Laws, Disclosure, and National Capital Markets in the Age Of Financial Globalization. Journal of Accounting Research, 47(2), 349-390. Tomohara, A., Takii, S. (2011). Does globalization benefit developing countries? Effects of FDI on local wages. Journal of Policy Modeling, 33(3), 511-521.

Ethics in Law Enforcement Essay Sample

Ethics in Law Enforcement Essay Sample Ethics in Law Enforcement Essay One similarity between ethics and the rule of law are their origins. Even before we have conceptualized what is considered as a written law, or even coined the term ethics, our ancestors have always known the idea of mores or laws which are the very foundation of what is right or what is wrong. Nevertheless, these mores are not exactly enforced or are just about for certain members of the society, even if people knew that doing do is not right. An example of this could be slavery. For hundreds if not thousands of years, slavery is deemed acceptable and also practiced in most parts of the world. This idea is even inscribed in written laws, saying that slavery and forced work is mandatory for individuals who are considered slaves, but not for royalties. In those times, the concept of being unethical and law enforcement is not exactly questioned by mores (right not to die) – since our ancestors have not yet recovered it in their subconscious – and thus are both considered as enforced by law and ethical. However, as time goes by and the intellectual machine of millions and millions of tinkers and scholars who have tapped into the subconscious have combined together to questions these other beliefs, the convergence of the rule of law, ethics, and mores have been inevitable. What this means is that today, what is considered a basic right (more: the right to live) is also enforced by the law and consequently, what is deemed ethical (by following it). In line with this, many people today believe that the statements contained in our rule of law are also what is considered as ethical for everybody and the continued existence of society. However, just as any system established by humans, even the rule of law has its own lapses and one of them is the process of law enforcement. As seen in the news that circulates mass media today, there are cases where law enforcers such as policemen and military have undermined the rights of individuals and have violated these people while in service. In most of these cases, the conflict that happened is due to differences in races, religions, beliefs, or even gender. These puts forward the question of how ethical is law enforcement today, since at times, fulfilling these duties almost equates to doing things which fall outside what is ethical. Nevertheless, what is amusing is how flexible and adaptive law is in addressing these issues. Ever since the beginning of time, our laws have adjusted to accommodate everyone and anyone as well as everything that humans should be concerned about. And, because of the recent commotions and distress about the events which are considered unethical, this flexibility has translated to additional laws and regulations which have been added so that law enforcers could not simply circumvent t hem and rationalize their unethical doings. An example of this law added states that any violence done to anyone, which is unnecessary and which is tied to reasons that include racial differences is punishable by dismissal from office as well as imprisonment. Based on this what is apparent is that as we grow and continue our existence here on this planet, the systems that we’ve made are now becoming more and more similar to the mores that existed above of us. So, today, these mores depicted above, are what is considered as ethical, and therefore both the rule of law and law enforcement must strive to replicate them in order to be considered as so. And hopefully, time will finally come when both the rule of law and its enforcement become completely similar as the mores for which they are based on.